Most of the time, a Windows 7 clean install means to remove an existing operating system
(like Windows XP, Linux, Windows 7, Windows 10, Windows 8, ... doesn't
matter) and replace it with a fresh or "clean" installation of Windows
7.
In other words,
it's the "erase everything and start from scratch" process for Windows
7, a procedure referred to as a "clean install" or sometimes as a
"custom install." It's the ultimate "reinstall Windows 7" process.
A clean install
is often the best way to solve very serious Windows 7 problems, like a
virus infection you can't get rid of completely or maybe some kind of
Windows issues that you can't seem to solve with normal troubleshooting.
Performing a
clean install of Windows 7 is usually a better idea than upgrading from
older version of Windows as well. Since a clean install is a true start
over from scratch, you don't risk inheriting any buggy situations from
your previous installation.
To be 100% clear, this is the right procedure to follow if:
you want to erase whatever you have have and install Windows 7
you want to reinstall Windows 7
you want to install windows 7 on a new hard drive
This guide is
broken into a total of 34 steps and will walk you through every part of
the Windows 7 clean install process. Let's get started...
Backup & Locate Your Product Key
The most important thing to realize before performing a clean install of Windows 7 is that all of the information
on the drive that your current operating system is installed on
(probably your C: drive) will be destroyed during this process. That
means that if there's anything you want to keep you should back it up to
a disc or another drive prior to beginning this process.
You should also locate the Windows 7 product key, a 25-digit alphanumeric code unique to your copy of Windows 7. If you can't locate it, there is a fairly easy way to find the Windows 7 product key code from your existing Windows 7 installation, but this must be done before you reinstall Windows 7.
Note:
If Windows originally came preinstalled on your computer (i.e. you did
not install it yourself), your product key is probably located on a
sticker attached to the side, back, or bottom of your computer's case. This is the product key you should use when installing Windows 7.
Start the Windows 7 Clean Install Process
When you're absolutely sure
sure that everything from your computer that you want to keep is backed
up, proceed to the next step. Keep in mind that once you delete all of
the information from this drive (as we'll do in a future step), the action is not reversible!
Note:
The steps and screen shots shown in these 34 steps refer specifically
to Windows 7 Ultimate edition but will also serve perfectly well as a
guide to reinstalling any Windows 7 edition you may have including
Windows 7 Professional or Windows 7 Home Premium.
Important: Microsoft has changed the clean install process for every new Windows release. If you're using Windows 10, 8, Vista, etc., see How Do I Perform a Clean Installation of Windows? for links to specific instructions for your version of Windows.
Tip: See my Windows Installation FAQ if you you have Windows 7 as an ISO image that you need on a flash drive or disc, or a Windows 7 DVD you need on a flash drive.
1.Restart your computer with the Windows 7 DVD in your optical drive, or with the properly configured Windows 7 USB flash drive plugged in.
2.Watch for a Press any key to boot from CD or DVD...
message similar to the one shown in the screenshot above. If you're
booting from a flash drive, the message may be phrased differently, like
Press any key to boot from external device....
3.Press a key to force the computer to boot
from the Windows 7 DVD or USB storage device. If you do not press a
key, your computer will attempt to boot to the next device in the boot order, which is probably your hard drive. If this happens, chances are your current operating system will boot.
Note: If you existing Windows installation begins to
boot or you see a "No Operating System Found" or "NTLDR is Missing"
error here instead of the screen above, the most probable reason is that
your computer is not setup to boot first from the correct source. To
correct this problem, you'll need to change the boot order in BIOS to list the CD/DVD/BD drive, or External Device, first.
Note:
It's perfectly fine if, instead of the screen above, the Windows 7
setup process begins automatically (see the next step). If this happens,
consider this step complete and move on.
Wait for Windows 7 Installation Files to Load
You don't need to do anything at this point but wait for Windows 7 to finishing loading files in preparation for the setup process. Note: No changes are being made to your computer at this time. Windows 7 is just temporarily "loading files" into memory for the setup process. You'll be removing everything on your computer as part of the Windows 7 clean install in a future step.
Wait for Windows 7 Setup to Finish Loading
After the Windows 7 install files are loaded into memory, you'll see the Windows 7 splash screen, indicating that the setup process is about to begin.
You don't need to do anything at this point.
Choose Language and Other Preferences
Choose the Language to install, Time and currency format, and Keyboard or input method that you'd like to use in your new Windows 7 installation.
Click Next.
Click the Install Now Button
Click on the Install now button in the center of the screen, under the Windows 7 logo.
This will officially begin the Windows 7 clean install process.
Note: Do not click the Repair your computer
link at the bottom of the window even if you're completing this clean
install of Windows 7 as part of some larger repair project for your
computer.
Important:
If you're performing a clean install of Windows 7 as a solution to a
major problem but have not yet tried a Startup Repair, do that first. It
could save you the trouble of completing this clean install process.
The next screen that appears is a textbox containing the Windows 7 Software License.
Read through the agreement, check the I accept the license terms checkbox under the agreement text and then click Next to confirm that you agree with the terms.
Note: You should always read "small print" especially when it comes to operating systems
and other software. Most programs, Windows 7 included, have legally
binding limits on how many computers the application can be installed
on, among other limitations.
Important:
You are not breaking any laws or contracts by reinstalling Windows 7
via this clean install. As long as this particular copy of Windows 7 is
only being operated on one computer, you're OK.
Choose the Type of Windows 7 Installation to Complete
In the Which type of installation do you want? window that appears next, you're offered the choice of Upgrade and Custom (advanced).
Click on the Custom (advanced) button.
Important: Even if you are upgrading from a previous operating system to Windows 7, I highly recommend that you do not follow the Upgrade installation. You'll get better performance with less chance of issues if you follow these clean install steps.
Show the Windows 7 Advanced Drive Options
This screen, you'll see each partition that Windows 7 recognizes. Since a clean install involves the removal of all operating system related partitions, if they exist, we'll do this now.
Important: If,
and only if, you're installing Windows 7 on a new hard drive, which of
course does not have an operating system on it to remove, you can skip directly to Step 15!
Windows 7 setup considers partition management as an advanced task so you'll need to click the Drive options (advanced) link to make those options available.
In the next few steps you'll delete the partitions containing the
operating system you're replacing with Windows 7, be it Windows Vista,
Windows XP, a previous installation of Windows 7, etc.
Important:
Before continuing, please be aware that deleting a partition will
permanently erase all data from that drive. By all data I mean the
operating system installed, all programs, all data saved by those
programs, all music, all video, all documents, etc. that might be on
that particular drive.
Highlight the partition you want to delete and then click the Delete link.
Note: Your list of partitions may differ considerably from mine shown above. On my computer, I am performing a clean install of Windows 7 on a computer with a small 30GB hard drive that has previously had Windows 7 installed.
If you have
multiple hard drives and/or multiple partitions on those drive(s), take
great care in confirming that you're deleting the correct partition(s).
Many people, for example, have second hard drives or partitions that act
as backup drives. That's certainly not a drive you want to be deleting.
Confirm the Partition Deletion
After deleting the partition, Windows 7 setup will prompt you to confirm the deletion.
The message says "The
partition might contain recovery files, system files, or important
software from your computer manufacturer. If you delete this partition,
any data stored on it will be lost."
Click the OK button.
Important:
As I spelled out in the last step, please be aware that all the data
stored on that drive will be lost. If you have not backed up everything
you want to keep, click Cancel, end the Windows 7 clean install process, restart your computer to boot back into whatever operating system you have installed, and backup everything you want to keep.
To be clear: This is the point of no return!
There's no reason to be scared, I just want it to be very clear that
you can't undo the deletion of the drive you selected after you click
this OK button.
Delete Other Operating System Related Partitions
If there are any other partitions that need to be deleted, you can do so at this time.
For example, the Windows 7
installation I had on my PC previously created this special 100MB (very
small) partition to store system data in. This is most definitely
related to the operating system that I'm trying to completely remove from my computer so I'll delete this as well.
Highlight the partition and click the Delete link.
Note:
As you can see, the partition we deleted in the last step is gone. It
may appear like it's still there but if you look closely, you'll see
that that same 29.9GB space is now described as Unallocated Space, not as a partition.
Confirm Additional Partition Deletions
Just as in Step 12, Windows 7 setup will prompt you to confirm the deletion of this partition.
Click the OK button to confirm.
Important: Just as before, please be aware that all the data stored on this particular drive will be lost.
Choose a Physical Location to Install Windows 7 On
As you can now see, all the space on the installed hard drive is unallocated. No partitions exist on this computer.
Note:
The number of partitions displayed and whether those partitions are
unallocated portions of a hard drive, previously partitioned spaces, or
previously formatted and blank partitions will depend on your specific
system and which partitions you deleted in the last several steps.
If you're installing Windows 7
on a computer with a single hard drive on which you've just deleted all
the partitions from, your screen should look like the one above, aside
from your hard drive being a different size.
Choose the appropriate unallocated space to install Windows 7 on and then click Next.
Note:
You do not need to manually create a new partition nor are you required
to manually format a new partition. Windows 7 Setup will do this
automatically.
Wait While Windows 7 is Installed
Windows 7 Setup will now install a clean copy of Windows 7 to the location you chose in the previous step. You don't need to do anything here but wait.
This is the most
time consuming of any of the 34 steps. Depending on the speed of your
computer, this process could take anywhere from 5 to 30 minutes.
Restart Your Computer
Now that the Windows 7 clean install process is nearly complete, you need to restart your computer.
If you do nothing, your computer will reset automatically after 10 seconds or so. If you'd rather not wait, you can click the Restart now button at the bottom of the Windows needs to restart to continue screen.
Wait while Windows 7 Setup starts various necessary services.
This starting of services will occur during every Windows 7 boot as well but you won't see it like this again. Services start in the background during a normal Windows 7 startup.
Wait for Windows 7 Setup to Complete
This last Windows 7 Setup screen says "Completing installation" and may take several minutes. All you need to do is wait - everything is automatic.
If the Windows 7 Setup process is complete, why are we only on step 21 of 34?
The remainder of
the steps in this clean install process include several easy but
important configurations that need to take place before you can use
Windows 7.
Wait for Your PC to Automatically Restart
Wait while the Windows 7 setup process automatically restarts your computer.
Important: Do
not restart your computer manually at this point. Windows 7 Setup will
restart your PC for you. If you interrupt the setup process by
restarting manually, the clean install process may fail. You may then
need to start the Windows 7 setup over again from the beginning.
Wait for Windows 7 to Prepare Your PC for First Use
Windows 7 Setup is now preparing your computer for "first use."
Windows 7 is now loading drivers, checking to make sure everything has been setup properly, removing temporary files, etc.
You don't need to do anything here.
Note: Remember, this clean install of Windows 7 has completely removed your old operating system. Windows 7 is being installed and configured just as it would on a brand new computer.
Wait for Windows 7 to Check Your PC's Video Performance
Wait while Windows 7 checks the video performance of your computer.
Windows 7 needs to know how well your video card and related hardware works so it can properly adjust performance options for your computer.
For example, if
your video system is too slow, Windows 7 may disable features like Aero
Peek, translucent windows, and other graphically intense features of
the operating system.
Choose a User Name and a Computer Name
Windows 7 needs to know what use name you'd like to use and how you'd like your computer to be identified on your local network.
In the Type a user name (for example, John): text
box, enter your name. You can enter a single name, your first and
last name, or any other identifiable text you like. This is the name
you'll be identified by in Windows 7.
Note: You're more than welcome to use the same user name that you used in your old operating system installation.
In the Type a computer name: text box, enter the name you'd like your computer to have when being viewed by other computers on your network.
Note: If
it makes sense in your specific situation, I recommend using the same
computer name you used in the operating system installation you've
deleted as part of this clean install, especially if any other computers
on your network connect to resources on your PC.
Otherwise, a good computer name might be Office-PC, Windows-7-Test-PC, Bob-Dell, etc. You get the idea. Anything identifiable that makes sense to you will work.
Click Next when you're done entering both the user name and computer name.
Note: Planning on having more than one user on your computer? Don't worry - you can set up more users inside Windows 7 later.
Choose a Password to Access Windows 7
Microsoft recommends that you choose a password that will be required when starting Windows 7 before access to your user account will be allowed.
Don't treat this as a recommendation - consider it a requirement.
In the Type a password (recommended): text box, enter a complicated but easy-for-YOU-to-remember password. Retype the same password in the Retype your password: text box.
Type a hint to give yourself in the Type a password hint (required): text box. This hint will display if you enter the wrong password when logging on to Windows 7.
As you can see in the example above, the hint I entered was What is my favorite food?. The password I entered (which you can't see above) was applesauce.
Note: Feel free to use the same password as you used in the operating system you've
just removed from your computer as part of this Windows 7 clean
install. However, this is as good a time as any to choose a stronger
password than you might have used before.
Enter the Windows 7 Product Key
Enter the product key that came with your retail purchase or legal download of Windows 7. If Windows 7 came as part of your complete computer system, enter the product key you were given as part of that purchase.
Note: If
Windows originally came preinstalled on your computer, your product key
is probably located on a sticker attached to the side, back, or bottom
of your computer's case.
Important: You
may be able to avoid entering a product key at this point but you will
eventually need to do so in order to continue using Windows 7. I highly
advise that you enter your product key here and choose to Automatically activate Windows when I'm online.
Choose a Windows Update Option
On this Help protect your computer and improve Windows automatically screen, Windows 7 is asking you do choose how you want to automatically install updates from Microsoft's Windows Update service.
I recommend that you choose Install important updates only.
This option is the safest because it restricts Windows 7 from doing
anything with your data or to your computer automatically except when
important security and stability updates are available.
You are more than welcome to choose Use recommended settings but I do not recommend that you choose Ask me later.
Note: These settings can easily be changed within Windows 7 after you're done stepping through these configuration questions.
Choose the Correct Time Zone, Date, and Time
On the Review your time and date settings screen, choose the correct Time zone, Date, and Time.
The time and date is likely already correct but be sure to verify the time zone and change if necessary.
If your area observes Daylight Saving Time be sure to check that box here.
Note: If the date and/or time of Daylight Saving Time changes, Microsoft will issue an update via Windows Update to change the automatic time change so don't avoid checking this box assuming that DST changes won't occur correctly.
Choose a Network Location
In the Select your computer's current location window you see now, Windows 7 is
asking where your computer is located at so it can setup the proper
network security - tighter security for public areas and lighter for
private ones like home and work.
Choose Home network or Work network if that applies to you. Most of you reading this will choose Home network.
Choose Public network if you use a mobile computer and you connect to the Internet or other computers away from home. Also, be sure to choose Public network if you access the internet via a mobile broadband network - no matter if you're at home or not.
Wait for Windows 7 to Connect to the Network
Windows 7 is now connecting your computer to the network.
You don't need to do anything here. Everything is automatic.
Note: If
Windows 7 detects another computer on your network running Windows 7
that also has a homegroup setup, you will be prompted to choose what
kinds of files you'd like to share on that homegroup and for the
homegroup password. You can enter this information or Skip the setup entirely.
I do not show this additional screen in this guide.
Wait for Windows 7 to Prepare the Desktop
Windows 7 will
now put all the "finishing touches" on your clean installation like
adding icons to the desktop, prepare the start menu, etc.
You don't need to do anything here. All of these changes are done automatically in the background.
Your Windows 7 Clean Install is Complete!
This completes the final step of your clean install of Windows 7.
Congratulations!
Important: If you chose not to enable automatic updates (Step 29) then the first step after installing Windows 7 is to visit Windows Update and
install all the important service packs and patches that have been
issued since the version of Windows 7 on your DVD was released.
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